Exploring the new playing field in sports, where transparency and perception of fairness appear crucial

Using the field of virtual cycling and virtual triathlon as a case, this research paper identifies and discusses four governance issues in virtual cycling which include (1) doping, (2) platform fragmentation and commercial interests, (3) transparency and open criteria, and (4) commitment and decision-making.

The ECIS 2026 track on (e)Sports, gaming and Meta-Sports explores the organisational and societal impact of the interplay between technology, gaming and physical activity. The track is chaired by members of the Virtual Sports Research Network.